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1847-48 Windbreak winter
Swirling lines over a row of tipis represent a brush windbreak built around the winter camp, which was on the White River, an upper branch of the South Canadian. Such an elaborate construction was unusual among the Kiowa, who moved their camps often.

1848 Koitsenko initiated Summer
The red painted figure is a member of the Koitsenko warrior society. The Koitsenko was the most prestigious of all the Kiowa warrior societies, consisting of only ten members, who were considered the bravest of the brave. The badge of office was the

1848-49 Ice rising winter
This ambiguous drawing suggests an unusually cold winter when ice piled up.